Fedora is an amazing OS. I’ve been using it since version 17 and I know it’s very complicated (here’s the but) I think fixing existing problems have taken a back-seat to promoting cutting-edge. HDMI and sound have many unresolved problems. HDMI causes many other bugs such as with VLC and bittorrent as well as Libre office document opening times. I don’t know why. If I use Software to update, it doesn’t include all updates. I additionally have to use the CLI. Boot times are often extremely long. Fedora 38 and 39 worked extremely well. Power Mode allowed Performance, Balanced, and Saver. No more. What happened? I suggest concentrating on existing code making things “work”.
You raise a number of points.
What you are seeing is that Software updates its meta data periodically and dnf does the same, but not at the same point in time. So sometimes dnf see more to update, sometimes Software will.
Personally I never use the GUI updaters and do dnf update --refresh.
These often depend on the kernel. Only if problems are reported will someone know to work on the issue. Have you raised bugs for the problems you encounted.
This is highly dependent on your hardware, network and software mix.
As you will have seen people here are happy to help debug why and work to fixing where it an issue.
Which bugs reports are not fixed? Where they down to monitor firmware bugs?
You can fine tune, at least in plasma, the power settings.
No idea about gnome.
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Everyone is embracing Meta’s move fast break stuff moto a few years later 
Going anywhere without even being able to log-in consistently with the primary DE is a joke.
It’s platform-dependent.
On my Dell 5591, I get the power mode selection on GNOME on Fedora no problem, even on F40. On openSUSE TW GNOME I don’t have that, but that implies it’s being provided by some power manager hookup ordeal and can be set-up.
It’s likely something was updated (possibly kernel), changed how it interfaces with your hardware, and needs hooked back up.
If it’s AMD, that sucks and too bad unfortunately; I’ve had several RX 580s and a 6600 XT that were unstable at 4K@60Hz on HDMI but a 1060 and 3060 were fine with the same display/cable. I’m more inclined to believe AMD is not ideal for HDMI in-general.
If it’s Intel, yeah a lack of QA overall not testing this stuff before being pushed isn’t great. It’s full-steam ahead though. I have UHD 630 and HDMI video works great; never messed with it for audio though (only 3.5mm or USB).
If it’s NVIDIA, it needs reported on their dev forum for any chance of it being fixed if it’s rare/isolated, but there’s also a good chance for new issues to be fixed in the next release.
I am always appreciative of feedback and I don’t want to exclude anyone, but I find this forum difficult to use. Thank you to all.
Added boot, dnf-system-upgrade, hdmi, quality-team