How long ago did you install, and did you follow all the relevant announcements? In particular this one. If you still have a 4K kernel package installed instead of a 16K kernel, then your system will break.
And who invented to give the vmlinuz targets hashes in their filenames?
Those are rescue kernels, which we don’t even create any more since it’s useless for Asahi due to DT compat issues. So if you have those, that tells me you probably installed a while ago. They are not expected to work long term.
Try uname -a in your rescue shell to see what kernel you are running. If it doesn’t say +16k then that’s your issue.