I’m running Fedora 41 and installed updates yesterday, which included a kernel update. Now, I can’t open any application except my browser (Zen). Even the software store does not open. The computer shows the loading icon but it just goes away after a few seconds.
One way is by using Ctrl-Alt-F3 or some other F... key to get to a non graphical prompt and try there.
If you want to avoid messing around accessing a terminal whilst things get fixed, you can also install a non-GTK terminal like terminator whilst in your non graphical shell, then you can access terminator in your gnome shell again.
BTW, the solution in the link assumes you are using the Nvidia proprietary driver, since that was the cause of the issue in that link. If you are, then the issue will be fixed when you can run an upgrade.