These are the dates found in the distributed kinoite image, and there is nothing you can do about it. Only the dates in the writable parts of your system is really relevant. These are your home directory as well as /etc and /var.
A date of 1970 would seem to indicate that the RTC has lost battery backup and when that happens the first power on starts at the beginning of the epoch. Jan 1 1970.
Consider replacing the battery on the mobo which is the backup for the rtc when no power is applied.
I have also seen this happen with a bios firmware update.
I don’t know of any other way this may happen except on SBCs that have no rtc on the mobo. Those SBCs such as the RPi get the correct date/time as soon as they connect to the internet.
You said the hardware time is correct. Does that mean that the bios setup menu displays the correct UTC date & time?
The OP stated that " My hardware time is correct". The timestamps on the files in the read-only kinoite image are set when the image is built at the build server and can’t later be influenced by the local time.
systemd has code to set the time to the latest systemd build time if the RTC isn’t working or if it is set way in the past. This happens in initrd before mounting any file systems.