I’m on SB 31, and I can’t access /dev/ttyACM0 from inside the toolbox container.
My user is a member of dialout (on the host and in the container).
I think the problem is that in the container the owner/group of /dev/ttyACM0 is nobody.
On the host:
$ ls -al /dev/ttyAC*
crw-rw----. 1 root dialout 166, 0 Dec 15 15:35 /dev/ttyACM0
crw-rw----. 1 root dialout 166, 1 Dec 15 15:37 /dev/ttyACM1
In the container:
$ ls -al /dev/ttyAC*
crw-rw----. 1 nobody nobody 166, 0 Dec 15 15:35 /dev/ttyACM0
crw-rw----. 1 nobody nobody 166, 1 Dec 15 15:37 /dev/ttyACM1