I have some questions about encryption on Linux, which does apply to Fedora as well. I was wondering whether there is a feasible way of encrypting and decrypting the system while the system is online (currently running and all system partitions are mounted)? I want to assume that we are starting either from an encrypted Fedora default partitioning scheme or its equivalent; but, where the root btrfs is not encrypted with LUKS.
Is it possible to achieve online encryption and decryption that is possible on other OSes like MacOS and Windows?
I may have misunderstood your question. So you want to encrypt you existing currently non-encrypted system? And even while it’s booted? In that case, backup everything and reinstall as @barryascott said.