When installing Fedora 44 KDE from the image Fedora-KDE-Desktop-Live-44-1.7.x86_64.iso, there is an issue in Plasma Setup with LUKS enabled. Both Shift and Caps keys are ignored, and there is no way to get an uppercase password working. The keyboard numpad is also not operational.
The workaround is to open KWrite, type your LUKS password, and paste it where the LUKS setup section appears.