Fedora 42 Upgrade Black Screen

I started years ago on Fedora 24 Workstation Edition.
I’ve been Updating and Upgrading ever since.

On Fedora 42, " dnf upgrade – refresh " resulted in . . .

SELinux Alerts and . ..

Running %posttrans scriptlet: kernel-core-0:6.19.14-101.fc42.x86_64
Non-critical error in %posttrans scriptlet: kernel-core-0:6.19.14-101.fc42.x86_64
Scriptlet output:
cp: error writing ‘/boot/efi/b6e150d317d440a487c126d143bc071d/0-rescue/initrd’: No space left on device
dracut[F]: Creation of /boot/efi/b6e150d317d440a487c126d143bc071d/0-rescue/initrd failed
/usr/lib/kernel/install.d/51-dracut-rescue.install: line 91: /boot/efi/loader/entries/b6e150d317d440a487c126d143bc071d-0-rescue.conf: No such file or directory
/usr/lib/kernel/install.d/51-dracut-rescue.install failed with exit status 2.

[RPM] %posttrans(kernel-core-6.19.14-101.fc42.x86_64) scriptlet failed, exit status 2
Complete!
root@localhost:~#

So, I went to Fedora Magazine and searched for " Fedora 42 " and found . . .

" Announcing Fedora Linux 42 " [ The answer is 42! Fedora Linux 42, that is. ]
https://fedoramagazine.org/announcing-fedora-linux-42/

The " Common Issues " link . . .
https://discussion.fedoraproject.org/tags/c/ask/common-issues/82/none/f42/981

The issue most likely applicable is . . .

" Systems with <=1 GB /boot partition may see “need more space” error during system update "
https://discussion.fedoraproject.org/t/systems-with-1-gb-boot-partition-may-see-need-more-space-error-during-system-update/170285

My Firmware Repository has always been DISABLED.
( I don’t understand any reason why it should be ENABLED ).
That said, today I enabled it today [ and I’m scared ].

The guidance provides two workarounds . . .

  1. Removing the rescue kernel
  2. Reducing the number of installed kernels

I did both and now . . .

$ rpm -q kernel | sort

kernel-6.19.14-104.fc42.x86_64

I had three and deleted the oldest. Shouldn’t there be two? Hmm.

The Update dnf commands { clean packages, check-update, ugrade --refresh }
completed with " Nothing To Do ".

The Upgrade’s final command, " # dnf5 offline reboot " . . .

booted to a progress bar, which apparently completed successfully.

Then it rebooted to a Black Screen with an ’ _ ’ character at the upper-left.

CTRL-ALT-F3 reveals . . .

" Fedora Linux 43 ( Workstation Edition )
Kernel 6.8.9-100.fc38.x86_64 ( tty3 )
localhost login:

Note: Despite the workarounds, the above kernel is associated with Fedora 38.

How do I fix this ?

You obviously did not delete the oldest since an f38 kernel appears to still be installed.

Please show us the output of ls /boot, dnf list --installed kernel*, cat /etc/fedora-release and df -h as well as lsblk -f

This is your error that needs fixed, but we need more detailed info to make progress.

Jeff:

I recovered / restored my Fedora 42 Workstation from a Clonezilla backup.

Now, I’m reviewing my hand written notes.

I did the Fedora 42 Update commands [ with errors ] and then applied the Workarounds.

During my next session, I will firstly apply the Workarounds and then do the Update [ and upgrade ] commands.

please search also for the file in block quote. If it is on an other location than it was looking for:

0-rescue.conf: No such file or directory
/usr/lib/kernel/install.d/51-dracut-rescue.install failed with exit status 2.

Congratulations. We should create a Badge, for giving you when making the 20thiest upgrade with F44.

If you still had the f38 kernel in the f42 backup then it was seriously compromised as that old kernel had no reason to exist in f42.

I don’t know your backup schedule or work flow, but without detailed information it will be almost impossible to make reasonable suggestions to solve the issue.

There should be at most 4 vmlinuz files and 4 matching initramfs images in /boot for the installed kernels. – 3 working kernels and the rescue kernel & image.

I just noted the following

which tells me something is seriously wrong with the way your system is configured. There should not be a /boot/efi/MACHINEID directory on any standard fedora installation.

To identify exactly the effects of that please post sudo ls -alR /boot

@computersavvy I hope you saw the information that he upgrades since F24?

I think fedora is not able to finish the upgrade because of the to small boot partition.

I agree with Jeff, that an overview of the system would help, to being more able to help.

I’ve completed doing the new lab session.

Workarounds first [ and then the dnf Update & Upgrade ] commands.

After applying Workarounds,

rpm -q kernel | sort . . .

        kernel-6.19.8-100.fc42.x86_64
        kernel-6.8.9-100.fc38.x86_64

Dnf update commands ran smoothly.
Then # rpm -q kernel | sort
kernel-6.19.14-104.fc42.x86_64
kernel-6.8.9-100.fc38.x86

The dnf upgrade commands ran swell.

# dnf offline reboot . . . the progress bar ran to completion.

Then booted to the dreaded Black Screen.

I recovered / restored-disk from my Fedora Workstation 42 Backup [ again ].

Were you performing a normal upgrade of your packages in Fedora 42? Or were you trying to upgrade from F42 to F43?

I would suggest following to check:

  • the journal from the boot with the dreaded black screen and go from there;
  • the boot partition size and resize if needed;
  • if any authselect profile is active and go from there;

@computersavvy and @ilikelinux I have also a alphanumeric folder in /boot and it contains a folder named 4.13.9-300.fc27.x86_64. Is my system also seriously wrong? Saying a system is seriously wrong just based on some leftovers from older Fedora versions is quite a statement.

We are all different individuals with different view points. Based on this experiences we can see things different. I personally would not be to much irritated about that statement. @computersavvy is very active and sees a lot of different issues. In my case I saw an other Issue which might cause problems is about suppress user names on the GDM login screen.

This might have something todo with what you mention above.

The OP relates that they upgrades since F24, this might causes some issues because the installation in general changed since. I guess this installation can contain configurations which are not common anymore and we do have to take this in consideration.

@tachi please show us what the command hostnamectl displays. So we know on what your installation is based on.

Do you need it to help out @amanti better?
I’ve removed the hostname and machine id from output hostnamectl:

     Static hostname: 
           Icon name: computer-desktop
             Chassis: desktop 🖥️
          Machine ID: 
             Boot ID: 69a9bf377336439a84f55b58b11284eb
    Operating System: Fedora Linux 43 (Workstation Edition)
         CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:fedoraproject:fedora:43
      OS Support End: Wed 2026-12-02
OS Support Remaining: 6month 2w
              Kernel: Linux 7.0.7-100.fc43.x86_64
        Architecture: x86-64
     Hardware Vendor: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd.
      Hardware Model: X58A-UD3R
    Hardware Version: x.x
    Firmware Version: F6
       Firmware Date: Tue 2010-08-24
        Firmware Age: 15y 8month 3w 3d

My Work Flow . . .

  1. Create Backup[s] : an image file and a Cloned Disk / SSD.

  2. Run the DNF Update commands on the command line.

  3. Run the DNF Ugrade commands on the command line.

  4. IGNORE all procedures that Fedora regards as " Optional ".

QuickDocs > Optional post-upgrade tasks

1) Update system configuration files

2) Update GRUB bootloader on BIOS systems

3) Clean-up retired packages

4) Clean-up old packages

5) Clean-up old kernels

6) Clean-up old keys trusted for RPM package signing

7) Clean-up old symlinks

8) Update rescue kernel

It looks like that in the meantime the folder structure changed. That is why @computersavvy asked for the info’s above. So we might be able to help fixing it.

The fact that the OP still uses a F38 kernel shows that something went wrong. I would also check the change es from f38/f39/f40 might be that it shows what changed and we can do it manually.

But please @amanti deliver the info’s of:

Otherwise we can not analyze the issue ans see where the kernel update get stuck.

/boot:
total 134752
dr-xr-xr-x.  8 root root     4096 Jul 29  2025 .
dr-xr-xr-x. 19 root root     4096 Mar 22 12:26 ..
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   272192 May  1  2024 config-6.8.9-100.fc38.x86_64
drwx------.  5 root root    16384 Dec 31  1969 efi
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root     4096 Mar 22 12:27 extlinux
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root     4096 Jul  5  2017 f3603cfae66044dda9d024b8fa5aec6e
drwx------.  4 root root     4096 May 17 22:37 grub2
-rw-------.  1 root root 63749983 Jul 19  2017 initramfs-0-rescue-b6e150d317d440a487c126d143bc071d.img
-rw-------.  1 root root 41775563 Jan 27  2025 initramfs-6.8.9-100.fc38.x86_64.img
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root     4096 Jun  4  2018 loader
drwx------.  2 root root    16384 Jul 19  2017 lost+found
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   148992 Jan  6  2024 memtest86+x64.efi
lrwxrwxrwx.  1 root root       45 Jan 27  2025 symvers-6.8.9-100.fc38.x86_64.xz -> /lib/modules/6.8.9-100.fc38.x86_64/symvers.xz
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  9021531 May  1  2024 System.map-6.8.9-100.fc38.x86_64
-rwxr-xr-x.  1 root root  7295064 Jul 19  2017 vmlinuz-0-rescue-b6e150d317d440a487c126d143bc071d
-rwxr-xr-x.  1 root root 15646536 May  1  2024 vmlinuz-6.8.9-100.fc38.x86_64
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root      160 May  1  2024 .vmlinuz-6.8.9-100.fc38.x86_64.hmac

/boot/efi:
total 36
drwx------.  5 root root 16384 Dec 31  1969 .
dr-xr-xr-x.  8 root root  4096 Jul 29  2025 ..
drwx------. 12 root root  4096 Mar 22 12:42 b6e150d317d440a487c126d143bc071d
drwx------.  4 root root  4096 Mar 13  2025 EFI
-rwx------.  1 root root    34 Mar 20  2025 mach_kernel
drwx------.  3 root root  4096 Mar 20  2025 System

/boot/efi/b6e150d317d440a487c126d143bc071d:
total 60
drwx------. 12 root root  4096 Mar 22 12:42 .
drwx------.  5 root root 16384 Dec 31  1969 ..
drwx------.  2 root root  4096 Mar 22 12:42 0-rescue
drwx------.  2 root root  4096 Jul 19  2017 4.11.10-300.fc26.x86_64
drwx------.  2 root root  4096 Mar 21  2018 4.15.10-300.fc27.x86_64
drwx------.  2 root root  4096 Apr  7  2018 4.15.14-300.fc27.x86_64
drwx------.  2 root root  4096 Jun  4  2018 4.16.12-200.fc27.x86_64
drwx------.  2 root root  4096 Dec 14 10:33 6.17.10-100.fc41.x86_64
drwx------.  2 root root  4096 Mar 22 12:39 6.19.8-100.fc42.x86_64
drwx------.  2 root root  4096 Jan 27  2025 7.00
drwx------.  2 root root  4096 Nov 22 09:06 7.20
drwx------.  2 root root  4096 Mar 22 12:42 8.00

/boot/efi/b6e150d317d440a487c126d143bc071d/0-rescue:
total 17800
drwx------.  2 root root     4096 Mar 22 12:42 .
drwx------. 12 root root     4096 Mar 22 12:42 ..
-rwx------.  1 root root 18217320 Mar 22 12:40 linux

/boot/efi/b6e150d317d440a487c126d143bc071d/4.11.10-300.fc26.x86_64:
total 8
drwx------.  2 root root 4096 Jul 19  2017 .
drwx------. 12 root root 4096 Mar 22 12:42 ..

/boot/efi/b6e150d317d440a487c126d143bc071d/4.15.10-300.fc27.x86_64:
total 8
drwx------.  2 root root 4096 Mar 21  2018 .
drwx------. 12 root root 4096 Mar 22 12:42 ..

/boot/efi/b6e150d317d440a487c126d143bc071d/4.15.14-300.fc27.x86_64:
total 8
drwx------.  2 root root 4096 Apr  7  2018 .
drwx------. 12 root root 4096 Mar 22 12:42 ..

/boot/efi/b6e150d317d440a487c126d143bc071d/4.16.12-200.fc27.x86_64:
total 8
drwx------.  2 root root 4096 Jun  4  2018 .
drwx------. 12 root root 4096 Mar 22 12:42 ..

/boot/efi/b6e150d317d440a487c126d143bc071d/6.17.10-100.fc41.x86_64:
total 8
drwx------.  2 root root 4096 Dec 14 10:33 .
drwx------. 12 root root 4096 Mar 22 12:42 ..

/boot/efi/b6e150d317d440a487c126d143bc071d/6.19.8-100.fc42.x86_64:
total 8
drwx------.  2 root root 4096 Mar 22 12:39 .
drwx------. 12 root root 4096 Mar 22 12:42 ..

/boot/efi/b6e150d317d440a487c126d143bc071d/7.00:
total 8
drwx------.  2 root root 4096 Jan 27  2025 .
drwx------. 12 root root 4096 Mar 22 12:42 ..

/boot/efi/b6e150d317d440a487c126d143bc071d/7.20:
total 8
drwx------.  2 root root 4096 Nov 22 09:06 .
drwx------. 12 root root 4096 Mar 22 12:42 ..

/boot/efi/b6e150d317d440a487c126d143bc071d/8.00:
total 8
drwx------.  2 root root 4096 Mar 22 12:42 .
drwx------. 12 root root 4096 Mar 22 12:42 ..

/boot/efi/EFI:
total 28
drwx------. 4 root root  4096 Mar 13  2025 .
drwx------. 5 root root 16384 Dec 31  1969 ..
drwx------. 2 root root  4096 Mar 22 12:34 BOOT
drwx------. 3 root root  4096 Mar 22 12:34 fedora

/boot/efi/EFI/BOOT:
total 1024
drwx------. 2 root root   4096 Mar 22 12:34 .
drwx------. 4 root root   4096 Mar 13  2025 ..
-rwx------. 1 root root 949424 Mar 18  2024 BOOTX64.EFI
-rwx------. 1 root root  87816 Mar 18  2024 fbx64.efi

/boot/efi/EFI/fedora:
total 6808
drwx------. 3 root root    4096 Mar 22 12:34 .
drwx------. 4 root root    4096 Mar 13  2025 ..
-rwx------. 1 root root     110 Mar 18  2024 BOOTX64.CSV
drwx------. 2 root root    4096 Aug  8  2018 fw
-rwx------. 1 root root   65824 Aug  8  2018 fwupia32.efi
-rwx------. 1 root root   77496 Aug  8  2018 fwupx64.efi
-rwx------. 1 root root     159 Jan 27  2025 grub.cfg
-rwx------. 1 root root    5728 May 11  2019 grub.cfg.rpmsave
-rwx------. 1 root root    1024 May  1  2021 grubenv.rpmsave
-rwx------. 1 root root 4037952 Jun  4  2025 grubx64.efi
-rwx------. 1 root root  848080 Mar 18  2024 mmx64.efi
-rwx------. 1 root root  949424 Mar 18  2024 shim.efi
-rwx------. 1 root root  949424 Mar 18  2024 shimx64.efi

/boot/efi/EFI/fedora/fw:
total 8
drwx------. 2 root root 4096 Aug  8  2018 .
drwx------. 3 root root 4096 Mar 22 12:34 ..

/boot/efi/System:
total 24
drwx------. 3 root root  4096 Mar 20  2025 .
drwx------. 5 root root 16384 Dec 31  1969 ..
drwx------. 3 root root  4096 Mar 20  2025 Library

/boot/efi/System/Library:
total 12
drwx------. 3 root root 4096 Mar 20  2025 .
drwx------. 3 root root 4096 Mar 20  2025 ..
drwx------. 2 root root 4096 Mar 22 12:35 CoreServices

/boot/efi/System/Library/CoreServices:
total 12
drwx------. 2 root root 4096 Mar 22 12:35 .
drwx------. 3 root root 4096 Mar 20  2025 ..
-rwx------. 1 root root  384 Mar 20  2025 SystemVersion.plist

/boot/extlinux:
total 1108
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   4096 Mar 22 12:27 .
dr-xr-xr-x. 8 root root   4096 Jul 29  2025 ..
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   1780 Apr 28  2025 cat.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  25044 Apr 28  2025 chain.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   1420 Apr 28  2025 cmd.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   3844 Apr 28  2025 cmenu.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   1656 Apr 28  2025 config.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   4424 Apr 28  2025 cptime.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   4676 Apr 28  2025 cpu.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   1940 Apr 28  2025 cpuid.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   2940 Apr 28  2025 cpuidtest.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   1764 Apr 28  2025 debug.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   4188 Apr 28  2025 dhcp.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   3140 Apr 28  2025 dir.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   2188 Apr 28  2025 disk.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   8836 Apr 28  2025 dmi.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  12500 Apr 28  2025 dmitest.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   3464 Apr 28  2025 elf.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   2916 Apr 28  2025 ethersel.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  10304 Apr 28  2025 gfxboot.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   1768 Apr 28  2025 gpxecmd.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 163404 Apr 28  2025 hdt.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   3864 Apr 28  2025 hexdump.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   2016 Apr 28  2025 host.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   1952 Apr 28  2025 ifcpu64.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   4272 Apr 28  2025 ifcpu.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   4480 Apr 28  2025 ifmemdsk.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   2080 Apr 28  2025 ifplop.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   1840 Apr 28  2025 kbdmap.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   5024 Apr 28  2025 kontron_wdt.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 115036 Apr 28  2025 ldlinux.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   5260 Apr 28  2025 lfs.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 178076 Apr 28  2025 libcom32.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  67696 Apr 28  2025 libgpl.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 101860 Apr 28  2025 liblua.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  23812 Apr 28  2025 libmenu.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  25040 Apr 28  2025 libutil.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   4852 Apr 28  2025 linux.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   3144 Apr 28  2025 ls.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   7088 Apr 28  2025 lua.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  11252 Apr 28  2025 mboot.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  25756 Apr 28  2025 memdisk
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   2660 Apr 28  2025 meminfo.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  26144 Apr 28  2025 menu.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   3612 Apr 28  2025 pci.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   3656 Apr 28  2025 pcitest.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   3172 Apr 28  2025 pmload.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   1840 Apr 28  2025 poweroff.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   3276 Apr 28  2025 prdhcp.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   1668 Apr 28  2025 pwd.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  12552 Apr 28  2025 pxechn.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   1552 Apr 28  2025 reboot.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  14020 Apr 28  2025 rosh.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   1796 Apr 28  2025 sanboot.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   3192 Apr 28  2025 sdi.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  14748 Apr 28  2025 sysdump.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   9088 Apr 28  2025 syslinux.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   3120 Apr 28  2025 vesa.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   2352 Apr 28  2025 vesainfo.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  26692 Apr 28  2025 vesamenu.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   2032 Apr 28  2025 vpdtest.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   2688 Apr 28  2025 whichsys.c32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   3744 Apr 28  2025 zzjson.c32

/boot/f3603cfae66044dda9d024b8fa5aec6e:
total 12
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Jul  5  2017 .
dr-xr-xr-x. 8 root root 4096 Jul 29  2025 ..
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jul  5  2017 4.11.8-300.fc26.x86_64

/boot/f3603cfae66044dda9d024b8fa5aec6e/4.11.8-300.fc26.x86_64:
total 8
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jul  5  2017 .
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Jul  5  2017 ..

/boot/grub2:
total 28
drwx------. 4 root root 4096 May 17 22:37 .
dr-xr-xr-x. 8 root root 4096 Jul 29  2025 ..
drwx------. 2 root root 4096 Mar 22 12:30 fonts
-rw-------. 1 root root 5728 May 11  2019 grub.cfg
-rw-------. 1 root root 1024 May 17 22:37 grubenv
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 May  9  2012 themes

/boot/grub2/fonts:
total 2348
drwx------. 2 root root    4096 Mar 22 12:30 .
drwx------. 4 root root    4096 May 17 22:37 ..
-rwx------. 1 root root 2394108 Jun  4  2025 unicode.pf2

/boot/grub2/themes:
total 12
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 May  9  2012 .
drwx------. 4 root root 4096 May 17 22:37 ..
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 May  1  2021 system

/boot/grub2/themes/system:
total 8
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 May  1  2021 .
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 May  9  2012 ..

/boot/loader:
total 12
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Jun  4  2018 .
dr-xr-xr-x. 8 root root 4096 Jul 29  2025 ..
drwx------. 2 root root 4096 Jun  4  2025 entries

/boot/loader/entries:
total 20
drwx------. 2 root root 4096 Jun  4  2025 .
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Jun  4  2018 ..
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  155 Mar 30  2024 b6e150d317d440a487c126d143bc071d-0-memtest86+.conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  392 May 11  2019 b6e150d317d440a487c126d143bc071d-0-rescue.conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  339 Jan 27  2025 b6e150d317d440a487c126d143bc071d-6.8.9-100.fc38.x86_64.conf

/boot/lost+found:
total 20
drwx------. 2 root root 16384 Jul 19  2017 .
dr-xr-xr-x. 8 root root  4096 Jul 29  2025 ..
root@localhost:\~#
root@localhost:\~# ls /boot
config-6.8.9-100.fc38.x86_64      initramfs-0-rescue-b6e150d317d440a487c126d143bc071d.img  symvers-6.8.9-100.fc38.x86_64.xz
efi                               initramfs-6.8.9-100.fc38.x86_64.img                      System.map-6.8.9-100.fc38.x86_64
extlinux                          loader                                                   vmlinuz-0-rescue-b6e150d317d440a487c126d143bc071d
f3603cfae66044dda9d024b8fa5aec6e  lost+found                                               vmlinuz-6.8.9-100.fc38.x86_64
grub2                             memtest86+x64.efi
root@localhost:\~#
root@localhost:\~# dnf list --installed kernel\*
Installed packages
kernel.x86_64               6.8.9-100.fc38   updates
kernel.x86_64               6.17.10-100.fc41 updates
kernel.x86_64               6.19.8-100.fc42  updates
kernel-core.x86_64          6.8.9-100.fc38   updates
kernel-core.x86_64          6.17.10-100.fc41 updates
kernel-core.x86_64          6.19.8-100.fc42  updates
kernel-headers.x86_64       6.19.6-100.fc42  updates
kernel-modules.x86_64       6.8.9-100.fc38   updates
kernel-modules.x86_64       6.17.10-100.fc41 updates
kernel-modules.x86_64       6.19.8-100.fc42  updates
kernel-modules-core.x86_64  6.8.9-100.fc38   updates
kernel-modules-core.x86_64  6.17.10-100.fc41 updates
kernel-modules-core.x86_64  6.19.8-100.fc42  updates
kernel-modules-extra.x86_64 6.8.9-100.fc38   updates
kernel-modules-extra.x86_64 6.17.10-100.fc41 updates
kernel-modules-extra.x86_64 6.19.8-100.fc42  updates
kernel-srpm-macros.noarch   1.0-25.fc42      fedora
kernel-tools.x86_64         6.19.8-100.fc42  updates
kernel-tools-libs.x86_64    6.19.8-100.fc42  updates
root@localhost:\~#
root@localhost:\~# cat /etc/fedora-release
Fedora release 42 (Adams)
root@localhost:\~#
root@localhost:\~# df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                 4.0M     0  4.0M   0% /dev
tmpfs                    3.8G   12K  3.8G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    1.5G  1.8M  1.5G   1% /run
efivarfs                 128K   38K   86K  31% /sys/firmware/efi/efivars
/dev/mapper/fedora-root   33G   15G   17G  48% /
tmpfs                    1.0M     0  1.0M   0% /run/credentials/systemd-journald.service
tmpfs                    3.8G   80K  3.8G   1% /tmp
/dev/sda2                974M  135M  772M  15% /boot
/dev/mapper/fedora-home   16G   14G  1.7G  89% /home
/dev/sda1                200M   26M  175M  13% /boot/efi
tmpfs                    1.0M     0  1.0M   0% /run/credentials/systemd-resolved.service
tmpfs                    762M  176K  762M   1% /run/user/1001
tmpfs                    762M   68K  762M   1% /run/user/0
root@localhost:\~#

root@localhost:~# lsblk -f
NAME FSTYPE FSVER LABEL UUID FSAVAIL FSUSE% MOUNTPOINTS
sda
├─sda1 vfat FAT16 5FA2-BA83 174.7M 13% /boot/efi
├─sda2 ext4 1.0 7e9394e6-8bee-4dc6-a6f8-af8416b12483 771.2M 14% /boot
└─sda3 LVM2_member LVM2 001 ua1SYa-VTxB-T0Ir-FZDI-kzUy-V7et-kmXD05
├─fedora-root ext4 1.0 04fac5b0-c7b5-4535-9dca-cd562d493749 16.1G 45% /
├─fedora-swap swap 1 e0e45f41-57d6-419f-a532-b654ea0d19ea [SWAP]
└─fedora-home ext4 1.0 55bd0fd8-fb2a-4f28-ac85-cf4899b9791a 1.6G 84% /home
sdb
sr0
zram0 swap 1 zram0 9a8b6a55-8788-48ac-b2c7-cace521181ec [SWAP]

root@localhost:~# lsblk -f
NAME            FSTYPE      FSVER    LABEL UUID                                   FSAVAIL FSUSE% MOUNTPOINTS
sda                                                                                              
├─sda1          vfat        FAT16          5FA2-BA83                               174.7M    13% /boot/efi
├─sda2          ext4        1.0            7e9394e6-8bee-4dc6-a6f8-af8416b12483    771.2M    14% /boot
└─sda3          LVM2_member LVM2 001       ua1SYa-VTxB-T0Ir-FZDI-kzUy-V7et-kmXD05                
  ├─fedora-root ext4        1.0            04fac5b0-c7b5-4535-9dca-cd562d493749     16.1G    45% /
  ├─fedora-swap swap        1              e0e45f41-57d6-419f-a532-b654ea0d19ea                  [SWAP]
  └─fedora-home ext4        1.0            55bd0fd8-fb2a-4f28-ac85-cf4899b9791a      1.6G    84% /home
sdb                                                                                              
sr0                                                                                              
zram0           swap        1        zram0 9a8b6a55-8788-48ac-b2c7-cace521181ec                  [SWAP]

All of the output you provided shows that this system was installed as far back as f26. There are many files under /boot that seem to be 32 bit.

I personally would strongly suggest that you save as much as possible of your personal data under /home to a backup, then wipe out this ancient file system structure and do a new clean install of either f43 or f44 so the kernel and efi files get placed properly for the modern file system structure.

Following this the system should be able to properly install kernels and perform updates.

That is an installation from the everything ISO