polkit-0.120-1.fc35.1.x86_64 includes the patch to mitigate the issue (Note that the release part of the package name is 1.fc35.1, which includes the patch, and not 1.fc35). You can see it in the Fedora source repo: Tree - rpms/polkit - src.fedoraproject.org
The patch doesn’t change SUID bit. You can examine it here if you know C programming: pkexec: local privilege escalation (CVE-2021-4034) (a2bf5c9c) · Commits · polkit / polkit · GitLab
To actually verify it, there are some PoC (proof of concept) C programs on the internet. You can consult to someone more knowledgeable about C programming and security if you really want to be sure that your systems are not vulnerable and patched.